![]() Second, microsaccades are likely to indicate activity in fixation-related oculomotor neurons. Their occurrence during saccade target perception could, thus, decrease saccade latencies. First, microsaccades are associated with an enhancement of visual perception. The effect of these microsaccades on the latency of subsequent large-scale saccades may be twofold. When the eyes fixate at a point in a visual scene, small saccades rapidly shift the image on the retina. This is the first imaging study to directly investigate the neural correlates common to RJA and IJA engagement, and thus support the assumption that a broad integrated network underlies the parallel aspects of both initiating and responding to joint attention. Additional activation was observed in this network for IJA relative to RJA at MFG, IFG, TPJ and precuneus. ![]() This right-lateralised network included the dorsal portion of the middle frontal gyrus (MFG), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), middle temporal gyrus (MTG), precentral gyrus, posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS), temporoparietal junction (TPJ) and precuneus. Critically, a conjunction analysis identified that a subset of these regions were common to both RJA and IJA. Both RJA and IJA activated broad frontotemporoparietal networks. By including tightly controlled baseline conditions to remove activity associated with non-social task demands, we were able to directly contrast the neural correlates of RJA and IJA to determine whether these processes are supported by common brain regions. Building on existing interactive approaches, we developed a virtual reality paradigm where participants engaged in an online interaction to complete a cooperative task. ![]() However, direct evidence for the PDPM is limited due to a lack of ecologically valid experimental paradigms that can capture both RJA and IJA. It also argues that these neural networks integrate during development, supporting the parallel processes of self- and other-attention representation during interactions. The Parallel Distributed Processing model (PDPM) postulates that responding to (RJA) and initiating (IJA) joint attention are predominantly supported by posterior-parietal and frontal regions respectively. Joint attention is a fundamental cognitive ability that supports daily interpersonal relationships and communication.
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